Child and Infant Safety

Learn more about requirements, enforcement, penalties and other essential information.

Child Passenger Safety Laws

Requirements

Children under the age of 9 must be properly secured in a federally approved child-safety restraint system (car seat or booster) in the back seat of the vehicle.

Enforcement

Unlike adults, law enforcement can pull you over if they observe an improperly secured child in the vehicle.

Essential Information

Child Passenger Safety Laws

  • Apply to children under the age of 9
  • Apply to all drivers
  • Apply to all private passenger vehicles
  • Apply to residents and non-residents
  • Are a primary offense

Children Must

  • Be properly secured in a vehicle seat other than front seat
  • Be properly secured in restraint
  • Be properly installed in the vehicle according to manufacturer’s instructions

Penalties

  • Maximum $60.00 fine for first offense
  • Maximum $110.00 fine for second and subsequent offenses
  • A separate ticket and fine can be issued for each child who is not properly secured in the vehicle
Learn more from SafeKids

Proper Child Safety Seat Use

Children aged 12 and under in the back seat

Weight

  • Infants: birth to at least 1 year and at least 20 lb
  • Young children (aged 1–4): Over 20 lb to about 40 lb and over 1 year
  • Youth: Over 40 lb and up to about 80 lb or more

Type of Seat

  • Infants: infant-only or rear-facing convertible
  • Young children (aged 1–4): forward-facing with harness, convertible
  • Youth: belt positioning booster seat

Seat Position

  • Infants: rear-facing only
  • Young children (aged 1–4) AND youth: forward-facing

Key Notes

  • Infants: Always be sure children under 1 year old and under 20 lb are in rear-facing seats but longer if seats allow for heavier weight
  • Young children (aged 1–4): Harness straps should be at or above shoulders
  • Youth: belt-positioning booster seats must be used with both lap and shoulder belt

Warnings

  • Infants: Do not place infants in the front seat of vehicles
  • Young children (aged 1–4): All children ages 12 and under should ride in the back seat
  • Youth: Be sure lap belt fits low and tight